Aphid effectors suppress plant immunity via recruiting defense proteins to processing bodies
- Qun Liu
- Anna C. M. Neefjes
- Archana Singh
- Roksolana Kobylinska
- Sam T. Mugford
- Mar Marzo
- James Canham
- Mariana Schuster
- Renier A. L. van der Hoorn
- Yazhou Chen
- Saskia A. Hogenhout
2025-07-16
Aphids are small insects that have developed specialized mouthparts and effector proteins to establish long-term relationships with plants. The peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae is a generalist, feeding on many plant species and capable of transmitting numerous pathogens. This study reveals how host-responsive cathepsin B (CathB) proteins in the oral secretions of M. persicae facilitate aphid survival by modulating plant immune responses. Host-responsive CathB proteins localize to plant processing bodies (p-bodies), cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules involved in messenger RNA storage or decay. Upon localization, these CathB proteins recruit key immune regulators EDS1, PAD4, and ADR1 to these bodies, suppressing plant defenses. A plant protein, Acd28.9 (Hsp20 family), counteracts this CathB activity and contributes to plant resistance to aphids. These findings highlight an unexpected role for p-bodies in plant immunity and uncover a plant resistance mechanism to aphid infestation.