Carbonated ultramafic igneous rocks in Jezero crater, Mars
- Kenneth H. Williford
- Kenneth A. Farley
- Briony H. N. Horgan
- Brad Garczynski
- Allan H. Treiman
- Sanjeev Gupta
- Alexander J. Jones
- Sandra Siljeström
- Elise Clavé
- Lisa Mayhew
- Jeffrey T. Osterhout
- Eleni Ravanis
- Kathryn M. Stack
- Sarah Fagents
- Candice C. Bedford
- Tanja Bosak
- Sergei V. Bykov
- David Flannery
- Kevin P. Hand
- Michael W. M. Jones
- Linda Kah
- Athanasios Klidaras
- Justin Maki
- Lucia Mandon
- Elias Mansbach
- Francis M. McCubbin
- Justin I. Simon
- Anushree Srivastava
- Kyle Uckert
- Roger C. Wiens
- Sanna Alwmark
- Julene Aramendia
- Robert Barnes
- Pierre Beck
- James F. Bell
- Sylvain Bernard
- Rohit Bhartia
- Michael S. Bramble
- Adrian J. Brown
- Adrian Broz
- Denise Buckner
- David C. Catling
- Edward Cloutis
- Stephanie Connell
- Andrea Corpolongo
- Andrew D. Czaja
- Erwin Dehouck
- Teresa Fornaro
- Olivier Forni
- Nikole C. Haney
2025-12-17
The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater on Mars, which once contained a lake of liquid water. We report the rock properties encountered by Perseverance during a 10-kilometer traverse extending over 400 meters in elevation, from beneath Jezero’s western sedimentary fan to the upper crater rim. These rocks consist of coarse-grained olivine, magnesium and iron carbonates, silica, and phyllosilicates, including some of the oldest materials exposed within Jezero. We infer that these rocks formed by olivine accumulation in an igneous system of layered intrusions, followed by exposure to water and carbon dioxide, which caused extensive carbonation of the silicate minerals. Aqueous alteration was more pronounced at lower elevations. Higher-elevation exposures on the crater rim appear similar to olivine-rich rocks distributed over the wider Nili Fossae region.