Chinese Immune Multi-Omics Atlas
- Jianhua Yin
- Yuhui Zheng
- Zhuoli Huang
- Wenwen Zhou
- Yue Yuan
- Pengfei Cai
- Yong Bai
- Shichen Yang
- Yue Gao
- Shanshan Duan
- Yang Wang
- Zekai Xu
- Wenxi Zhang
- Xinyu Zhang
- Yilin Wei
- Yaling Huang
- Ying Liu
- Weikai Wang
- Tao Yang
- Zhongjin Zhang
- Xiaoya Chen
- Xiru Zhang
- Jingzhi Lv
- Fupeng Li
- Yan Zhang
- Guodan Zeng
- Xue Wang
- Wen Ma
- Guixue Hou
- Shijie Hao
- Chang Liu
- Yiwei Lai
- Panhong Liu
- Bo Wang
- Yuxiang Li
- Wenwei Zhang
- Peng Gao
- Jun Xie
- Miguel A. Esteban
- Ying Gu
- Xin Liu
- Jiansong Ji
- Ting Qi
- Boxiang Liu
- Hua Wang
- Yi Zhao
- Xiao Yang
- Xiangdong Wang
- RunSheng Chen
- Jian Yang
2026-01-08
Human peripheral blood exhibits molecular and cellular heterogeneity across populations, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We present the Chinese Immune Multi-Omics Atlas (CIMA), characterizing molecular variations linked to sex, age, and genetic variants through multi-omics analysis of more than 10 million circulating immune cells from 428 Chinese adults. CIMA established an enhancer-driven gene regulatory network comprising 237 robust regulons; identified 9600 eGenes and 52,361 caPeaks at cell type resolution; and revealed pleiotropic associations among immune-related disease risk loci, cis-expression quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and chromatin accessibility QTLs. Furthermore, the cell language model CIMA-CLM predicted chromatin accessibility and evaluated the effects of noncoding variants from chromatin sequences and gene expression. CIMA provides a comprehensive reference for immune-related disease research.