Mechanoelectrical metamaterials for broad-range, high-sensitivity pressure sensing
- Feifan Yang
- Haoming Yang
- Guangzu Zhang
- Shiyi Xu
- Lin Zhu
- Xuetian Gong
- Lulu Liu
- Fangyuan Luo
- Shuhan Xu
- Chunlei Liu
- Jiamin Wu
- Shenglin Jiang
- Kanghua Li
- Lijie Dong
- Xin Chen
- Sulin Zhang
- Yao Zhang
- Qing Wang
2026-06-11
Mechanical metamaterials exploit precise control of unit-cell geometry and their macroscopic organization to realize unusual properties. Expanding the capabilities of mechanical metamaterials to incorporate additional functionality remains a challenge. We describe 3D-printed metamaterials embedded with molecular ferroelectrics for use as self-powered pressure sensors. Our gradient lattice design allows for adaptive reconfiguration and controlled deformation-mode transitions, yielding a synergy of low modulus and high load-bearing capacity alongside a monotonic mechanical load–electrical signal response. Furthermore, we implement a modulus gradient in the metamaterials to enhance sensitivity in low-loading regions and extend the detection range across six orders of magnitude. With a combination of high sensitivity and broad detection range, the dual-gradient metamaterials overcome the limitations imposed by the inverse relationships in existing sensors.