Nature

Moderate volcanic eruptions and extreme wildfires humidify the stratosphere

• Yifeng Peng
• William Randel
• Owen Brian Toon
• Xinyue Wang
• Kai Qie
• Sean M. Davis
• Karen H. Rosenlof
• Pengfei Yu

2026-07-01

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DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10731-0