Political Communication

The Hostile Misinformation Effect: How Ideological Congruence Drives the Assessment of Misinformation Targets

• Patrick van Erkel
• Michael Hameleers
• Aqsa Farooq
• Katjana Gattermann
• Marina Tulin
• Elske van den Hoogen
• Claes de Vreese

2026-05-19

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DOI https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2026.2671760