Nature Communications

Tough and tear resistant hydrogel with a sandwich mineralized structure induced by bidirectional ion migration

• Dongsheng Yang
• Zhiyu Zhao
• Liangyu Zhu
• Wenbin Tang
• Zirou Qiu
• Yifan Wu
• Wenchuan Jiang
• Cheng Lan
• Yifu Zhang
• Tao Liu
• Heping Xie

2025-11-27

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DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66423-2